2024 U.S. Voters by Birth Year and Estimated Childhood Blood-Lead Exposure #

This chart shows the absolute number of people in each U.S. birth-year cohort who reported voting in the 2024 election, with every bar divided by estimated childhood blood-lead exposure level.

Voter totals come from the U.S. Census Bureau's Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2024. The lead-exposure distributions are based on McFarland, Hauer, and Reuben's 2022 PNAS study, Half of US population exposed to adverse lead levels in early childhood.